Primary Survey
Want to watch this video? Sign up for the course
or enter your email below to watch one free video.
Unlock This Video Now for FREE
This video is normally available to paying customers.
You may unlock this video for FREE. Enter your email address for instant access AND to receive ongoing updates and special discounts related to this topic.
The Primary Survey in Patient Assessment
Introduction
Discover the crucial steps of the primary survey in patient assessment, a fundamental process employed consistently in healthcare.
The Primary Survey Components
- D for Danger: The initial assessment begins with evaluating the scene for potential dangers.
- R for Response: Assess the patient's level of consciousness by asking, "Are you okay?"
- CABCDE Mnemonic: Follow the mnemonic CABCDE for systematic evaluation:
- C for Catastrophic Bleeding: Identify and address rapid, life-threatening bleeding.
- A for Airway: Ensure the airway is clear to maintain breathing.
- B for Breathing: Assess respiratory rate, lung function, oxygen levels, and signs of cyanosis.
- C for Circulation: Check the patient's colour, pulse, blood pressure, and assess for bleeding or abnormalities in cavities.
- D for Dysfunction: Evaluate pupils, blood sugar levels, level of consciousness (using the AVPU scale), and temperature.
- E for Expose and Examine: Thoroughly examine the patient for rashes, oedema, bruises, haemorrhage, or other indications of their condition.
Identifying Life-Threatening Conditions
The primary survey is swift, taking only a few seconds, and aims to identify and address life-threatening issues promptly. Complications discovered during this survey take precedence as they pose the greatest risk to the patient's survival.
Upon completing the primary survey without identifying life-threatening conditions, further investigations and assessments can be conducted.